Q There are many different ways that members of Congress can represent the American people. Define and discuss the differences between sociological and agency representation. In addition, define and discuss the differences between a trustee and a delegate. Many political observers have identified a strong “incumbency advantage” and a “sophomore surge” in congressional elections. Describe what these terms mean and explain the reasons behind them. In particular, discuss some of the ways members of Congress can provide patronage to their districts and the role that redistricting plays in congressional elections. What is bicameralism? How does bicameralism impact the organizational structure of Congress? What are some of the leadership positions in both houses, and what are their functions? Are there any important differences between the organizational structures of the House and Senate? Committees are important to the functioning of Congress. Discuss and differentiate the different types of committees in Congress? Which have the most impact on the legislative process and why? Describe how Congress exercises its checks and balances over the executive branch through oversight. Which chamber of Congress has more authority over the executive branch? How might partisanship help to diminish the exercise of congressional power over the presidency? Describe the process by which a bill becomes a law. What are the major steps in the process? How often do bills fail, and where in the process do they typically die? What are the main differences in the legislative process between the two houses of Congress?